A plane mirror is a smooth, flat and highly polished reflecting surface. It reflects light according to the laws of reflection and forms an image by the apparent intersection of reflected rays behind the mirror. Plane mirrors are the simplest optical devices and form the foundation for understanding spherical mirrors, periscopes, kaleidoscopes and many advanced ray optics systems.
The historical development of mirrors began with still water surfaces and polished stones or metals. Modern plane mirrors are made by coating one side of a flat glass sheet with a reflecting material such as silver or aluminium. The glass provides a flat surface, while the metallic coating reflects most of the incident light.
Plane mirrors are used in dressing mirrors, bathrooms, salons, periscopes, kaleidoscopes, optical experiments, alignment systems and decorative arrangements. We see an image in a plane mirror because light from the object reflects from the mirror and enters our eyes. The reflected rays appear to come from a point behind the mirror, so the image is virtual.
Section 2: Image Formation in Plane Mirror
Consider a point object placed in front of a plane mirror. Rays from the object fall on the mirror and reflect according to i=r. The reflected rays diverge after reflection. When these reflected rays are extended backwards, they meet at a point behind the mirror. This point is the virtual image of the object.
Ray Diagram 1
Object is placed in front of the mirror and rays travel towards the mirror.
Ray Diagram 2
Rays reflect from the mirror according to the laws of reflection.
Ray Diagram 3
Reflected rays are extended backwards behind the mirror.
Ray Diagram 4
The virtual image is formed where backward extensions meet.
Proof of u = v: In a plane mirror, the object and image are symmetric about the mirror plane. Using congruent triangles formed by the incident ray, reflected ray and the normal, the perpendicular distance of the object from the mirror equals the perpendicular distance of the image behind the mirror.
u = v
A real image is formed by actual meeting of rays and can be obtained on a screen. A virtual image is formed by apparent meeting of rays and cannot be obtained on a screen. A plane mirror always forms a virtual image for a real object.
Section 3: Characteristics of Image
Virtual The plane mirror image is virtual because of symmetry of reflected rays and apparent formation behind the mirror.
Erect The plane mirror image is erect because of symmetry of reflected rays and apparent formation behind the mirror.
Same Size The plane mirror image is same size because of symmetry of reflected rays and apparent formation behind the mirror.
Laterally Inverted The plane mirror image is laterally inverted because of symmetry of reflected rays and apparent formation behind the mirror.
Same Distance Behind Mirror The plane mirror image is same distance behind mirror because of symmetry of reflected rays and apparent formation behind the mirror.
Cannot Be Obtained on Screen The plane mirror image is cannot be obtained on screen because of symmetry of reflected rays and apparent formation behind the mirror.
Section 4: Lateral Inversion
Lateral inversion is the apparent left-right reversal in the image formed by a plane mirror. In a mirror, the front-back direction is reversed, and because we mentally compare the image with a person facing us, it appears as if left and right are interchanged.
Ambulance lettering is written in mirror form on the front of an ambulance so that drivers looking through rear-view mirrors can read it correctly. Mirror writing, salon mirrors and daily dressing mirror observations are common examples of lateral inversion.
Misconception A mirror does not literally interchange left and right; it reverses the direction perpendicular to the mirror surface.
Exam point Use the phrase lateral inversion for plane mirror image and explain it through front-back reversal.
Section 5: Mirror Rotation
If a plane mirror is rotated through an angle θ while the incident ray remains fixed, the reflected ray rotates through angle 2θ. This is very important for JEE and Olympiad-style problems.
mirror rotation θ → reflected ray rotation 2θ
Derivation: When the mirror rotates by θ, its normal also rotates by θ. Since angle of incidence and angle of reflection are measured from the normal, the symmetry line of reflection changes by θ on both incident and reflected side. Hence total change in reflected ray direction is 2θ.
Section 6: Image Shift due to Mirror Movement
If a plane mirror moves by distance x towards or away from a fixed object, the image shifts by 2x. This happens because image distance behind the mirror equals object distance in front of the mirror. When mirror shifts, both object-mirror and mirror-image distances change.
Image Shift = 2x
Object fixed Mirror moves by x, image shifts by 2x in the same direction as mirror movement.
Relative velocity If mirror moves with speed v towards fixed object, image moves with speed 2v relative to original image position.
Section 7: Relative Velocity of Image
Object moving If object moves perpendicular to fixed mirror with speed v, image moves with speed v on the other side. Object-image separation changes at 2v.
Mirror moving If mirror moves by x with object fixed, image shifts by 2x.
Both moving Use velocity relative to mirror first, then place image symmetrically behind the mirror.
vimage relative to object = 2v for perpendicular object motion
Section 8: Multiple Reflection
Multiple reflection occurs when light undergoes successive reflections from two or more mirrors. Each reflection obeys i=r. Infinite reflections are possible in ideal parallel mirrors, but in practice intensity decreases after each reflection.
Successive reflections Apply laws of reflection at each mirror one by one.
Two mirrors The number of images depends on the angle between mirrors and object position.
Section 9: Two Inclined Mirrors
When two plane mirrors are inclined at an angle θ, multiple images are formed due to repeated reflections. If 360/θ is an integer, then for an object placed symmetrically, the number of images is:
N = 360°/θ − 1
Exact integer case If 360/θ is an integer, use N=360/θ−1.
Non-integer case The number of images is the integral part of 360/θ, with position-dependent correction.
Object on bisector Images are symmetrically arranged.
Parallel mirrors Very large number of images are formed ideally.
Section 10: Kaleidoscope
A kaleidoscope is an optical device based on multiple reflections between inclined plane mirrors. It usually contains three plane mirrors arranged at angles to form repeated symmetrical patterns from small coloured objects.
NCERT explanation: Multiple reflections from inclined mirrors create several images, producing beautiful symmetrical designs.
Section 11: Important Formula Sheet
Law of reflectioni = r
Angle with normal.
Plane mirror distanceu = v
Object and image are equidistant.
Image shiftImage Shift = 2x
Mirror moved by x.
Reflected ray rotationReflected Ray Rotation = 2θ
Mirror rotates by θ.
Number of imagesN = 360/θ − 1
For exact integer case.
Plane mirror magnificationm = +1
Virtual, erect, same size.
Object-image separationS = 2u
For object distance u from mirror.
Relative speedvrel = 2v
Object moving normally to fixed mirror.
Section 12: NCERT Examples with Complete Solutions
NCERT Example 1. Explain why plane mirror image is virtual.
NCERT
Solution: Reflected rays diverge and only their backward extensions meet behind the mirror.
Answer: Reflected rays diverge and only their backward extensions meet behind the mirror.
NCERT Example 2. State image characteristics of plane mirror.
NCERT
Solution: Virtual, erect, same size, laterally inverted and same distance behind mirror.
Answer: Virtual, erect, same size, laterally inverted and same distance behind mirror.
NCERT Example 3. Why is AMBULANCE written reversed?
NCERT
Solution: So that it appears correct in rear-view mirrors.
Answer: So that it appears correct in rear-view mirrors.
NCERT Example 4. What happens if mirror is rotated?
NCERT
Solution: Reflected ray rotates twice the angle of mirror rotation.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates twice the angle of mirror rotation.
NCERT Example 5. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
NCERT
Solution: Multiple reflections between inclined mirrors produce repeated images.
Answer: Multiple reflections between inclined mirrors produce repeated images.
Section 13: Solved Numericals
NEET Numericals
NEET Numerical 1. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
NEET
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
NEET Numerical 2. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
NEET
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
NEET Numerical 3. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
NEET
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
NEET Numerical 4. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
NEET
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
NEET Numerical 5. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
NEET
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
NEET Numerical 6. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
NEET
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
NEET Numerical 7. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
NEET
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
NEET Numerical 8. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
NEET
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
NEET Numerical 9. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
NEET
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
NEET Numerical 10. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
NEET
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
NEET Numerical 11. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
NEET
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
NEET Numerical 12. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
NEET
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
NEET Numerical 13. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
NEET
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
NEET Numerical 14. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
NEET
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
NEET Numerical 15. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
NEET
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
NEET Numerical 16. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
NEET
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
NEET Numerical 17. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
NEET
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
NEET Numerical 18. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
NEET
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
NEET Numerical 19. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
NEET
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
NEET Numerical 20. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
NEET
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
NEET Numerical 21. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
NEET
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
NEET Numerical 22. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
NEET
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
NEET Numerical 23. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
NEET
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
NEET Numerical 24. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
NEET
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
NEET Numerical 25. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
NEET
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
NEET Numerical 26. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
NEET
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
NEET Numerical 27. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
NEET
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
NEET Numerical 28. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
NEET
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
NEET Numerical 29. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
NEET
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
NEET Numerical 30. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
NEET
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
JEE Main Numericals
JEE Main Numerical 31. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
JEE Main
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
JEE Main Numerical 32. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
JEE Main
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
JEE Main Numerical 33. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
JEE Main
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
JEE Main Numerical 34. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
JEE Main
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
JEE Main Numerical 35. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
JEE Main
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
JEE Main Numerical 36. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
JEE Main
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
JEE Main Numerical 37. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
JEE Main
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
JEE Main Numerical 38. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
JEE Main
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
JEE Main Numerical 39. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
JEE Main
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
JEE Main Numerical 40. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
JEE Main
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
JEE Main Numerical 41. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
JEE Main
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
JEE Main Numerical 42. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
JEE Main
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
JEE Main Numerical 43. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
JEE Main
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
JEE Main Numerical 44. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
JEE Main
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
JEE Main Numerical 45. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
JEE Main
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
JEE Main Numerical 46. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
JEE Main
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
JEE Main Numerical 47. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
JEE Main
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
JEE Main Numerical 48. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
JEE Main
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
JEE Main Numerical 49. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
JEE Main
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
JEE Main Numerical 50. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
JEE Main
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
JEE Main Numerical 51. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
JEE Main
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
JEE Main Numerical 52. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
JEE Main
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
JEE Main Numerical 53. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
JEE Main
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
JEE Main Numerical 54. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
JEE Main
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
JEE Main Numerical 55. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
JEE Main
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
JEE Advanced Numericals
JEE Advanced Numerical 56. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
JEE Advanced
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
JEE Advanced Numerical 57. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
JEE Advanced
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
JEE Advanced Numerical 58. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
JEE Advanced
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
JEE Advanced Numerical 59. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
JEE Advanced
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
JEE Advanced Numerical 60. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
JEE Advanced
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
JEE Advanced Numerical 61. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
JEE Advanced
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
JEE Advanced Numerical 62. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
JEE Advanced
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
JEE Advanced Numerical 63. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
JEE Advanced
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
JEE Advanced Numerical 64. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
JEE Advanced
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
JEE Advanced Numerical 65. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
JEE Advanced
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
JEE Advanced Numerical 66. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
JEE Advanced
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
JEE Advanced Numerical 67. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
JEE Advanced
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
JEE Advanced Numerical 68. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
JEE Advanced
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
JEE Advanced Numerical 69. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
JEE Advanced
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
JEE Advanced Numerical 70. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
JEE Advanced
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
JEE Advanced Numerical 71. Object is 30 cm in front of plane mirror. Find image distance.
JEE Advanced
Given: u=30 cm
Formula:
u=v
v=30 cm behind mirror
Final Answer: 30 cm behind mirror
JEE Advanced Numerical 72. Mirror moves 5 cm towards object. Find image shift.
JEE Advanced
Given: x=5 cm
Formula:
shift=2x
2×5=10 cm
Final Answer: 10 cm
JEE Advanced Numerical 73. Mirror rotates by 8°. Find reflected ray rotation.
JEE Advanced
Given: θ=8°
Formula:
rotation=2θ
2×8=16°
Final Answer: 16°
JEE Advanced Numerical 74. Two mirrors are at 72°. Find number of images.
JEE Advanced
Given: θ=72°
Formula:
N=360/θ−1
360/72−1=5−1=4
Final Answer: 4 images
JEE Advanced Numerical 75. Object moves towards mirror at 4 m/s. Find closing speed with image.
JEE Advanced
Given: v=4 m/s
Formula:
closing speed=2v
2×4=8 m/s
Final Answer: 8 m/s
Section 14: Previous Year Questions
CBSE PYQs
CBSE PYQs 1. State two properties of plane mirror image.
CBSE
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
CBSE PYQs 2. What is lateral inversion?
CBSE
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
CBSE PYQs 3. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
CBSE
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
CBSE PYQs 4. What is mirror rotation formula?
CBSE
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
CBSE PYQs 5. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
CBSE
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
CBSE PYQs 6. What is magnification of plane mirror?
CBSE
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
CBSE PYQs 7. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
CBSE
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
CBSE PYQs 8. What happens if mirror moves by x?
CBSE
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
CBSE PYQs 9. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
CBSE
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
CBSE PYQs 10. What is periscope principle?
CBSE
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
CBSE PYQs 11. State two properties of plane mirror image.
CBSE
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
CBSE PYQs 12. What is lateral inversion?
CBSE
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
CBSE PYQs 13. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
CBSE
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
CBSE PYQs 14. What is mirror rotation formula?
CBSE
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
CBSE PYQs 15. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
CBSE
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
CBSE PYQs 16. What is magnification of plane mirror?
CBSE
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
CBSE PYQs 17. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
CBSE
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
CBSE PYQs 18. What happens if mirror moves by x?
CBSE
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
CBSE PYQs 19. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
CBSE
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
CBSE PYQs 20. What is periscope principle?
CBSE
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
NEET PYQs
NEET PYQs 1. State two properties of plane mirror image.
NEET
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
NEET PYQs 2. What is lateral inversion?
NEET
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
NEET PYQs 3. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
NEET
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
NEET PYQs 4. What is mirror rotation formula?
NEET
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
NEET PYQs 5. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
NEET
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
NEET PYQs 6. What is magnification of plane mirror?
NEET
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
NEET PYQs 7. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
NEET
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
NEET PYQs 8. What happens if mirror moves by x?
NEET
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
NEET PYQs 9. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
NEET
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
NEET PYQs 10. What is periscope principle?
NEET
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
NEET PYQs 11. State two properties of plane mirror image.
NEET
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
NEET PYQs 12. What is lateral inversion?
NEET
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
NEET PYQs 13. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
NEET
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
NEET PYQs 14. What is mirror rotation formula?
NEET
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
NEET PYQs 15. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
NEET
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
NEET PYQs 16. What is magnification of plane mirror?
NEET
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
NEET PYQs 17. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
NEET
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
NEET PYQs 18. What happens if mirror moves by x?
NEET
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
NEET PYQs 19. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
NEET
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
NEET PYQs 20. What is periscope principle?
NEET
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
NEET PYQs 21. State two properties of plane mirror image.
NEET
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
NEET PYQs 22. What is lateral inversion?
NEET
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
NEET PYQs 23. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
NEET
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
NEET PYQs 24. What is mirror rotation formula?
NEET
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
NEET PYQs 25. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
NEET
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
JEE Main PYQs
JEE Main PYQs 1. State two properties of plane mirror image.
JEE Main
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
JEE Main PYQs 2. What is lateral inversion?
JEE Main
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
JEE Main PYQs 3. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
JEE Main
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
JEE Main PYQs 4. What is mirror rotation formula?
JEE Main
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
JEE Main PYQs 5. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
JEE Main
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
JEE Main PYQs 6. What is magnification of plane mirror?
JEE Main
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
JEE Main PYQs 7. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
JEE Main
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
JEE Main PYQs 8. What happens if mirror moves by x?
JEE Main
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
JEE Main PYQs 9. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
JEE Main
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
JEE Main PYQs 10. What is periscope principle?
JEE Main
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
JEE Main PYQs 11. State two properties of plane mirror image.
JEE Main
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
JEE Main PYQs 12. What is lateral inversion?
JEE Main
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
JEE Main PYQs 13. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
JEE Main
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
JEE Main PYQs 14. What is mirror rotation formula?
JEE Main
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
JEE Main PYQs 15. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
JEE Main
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
JEE Main PYQs 16. What is magnification of plane mirror?
JEE Main
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
JEE Main PYQs 17. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
JEE Main
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
JEE Main PYQs 18. What happens if mirror moves by x?
JEE Main
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
JEE Main PYQs 19. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
JEE Main
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
JEE Main PYQs 20. What is periscope principle?
JEE Main
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
JEE Main PYQs 21. State two properties of plane mirror image.
JEE Main
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
JEE Main PYQs 22. What is lateral inversion?
JEE Main
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
JEE Main PYQs 23. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
JEE Main
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
JEE Main PYQs 24. What is mirror rotation formula?
JEE Main
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
JEE Main PYQs 25. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
JEE Main
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
JEE Advanced PYQs
JEE Advanced PYQs 1. State two properties of plane mirror image.
JEE Advanced
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
JEE Advanced PYQs 2. What is lateral inversion?
JEE Advanced
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
JEE Advanced PYQs 3. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
JEE Advanced
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
JEE Advanced PYQs 4. What is mirror rotation formula?
JEE Advanced
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
JEE Advanced PYQs 5. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
JEE Advanced
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
JEE Advanced PYQs 6. What is magnification of plane mirror?
JEE Advanced
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
JEE Advanced PYQs 7. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
JEE Advanced
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
JEE Advanced PYQs 8. What happens if mirror moves by x?
JEE Advanced
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
JEE Advanced PYQs 9. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
JEE Advanced
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
JEE Advanced PYQs 10. What is periscope principle?
JEE Advanced
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
JEE Advanced PYQs 11. State two properties of plane mirror image.
JEE Advanced
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
JEE Advanced PYQs 12. What is lateral inversion?
JEE Advanced
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
JEE Advanced PYQs 13. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
JEE Advanced
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
JEE Advanced PYQs 14. What is mirror rotation formula?
JEE Advanced
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
JEE Advanced PYQs 15. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
JEE Advanced
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
JEE Advanced PYQs 16. What is magnification of plane mirror?
JEE Advanced
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
JEE Advanced PYQs 17. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
JEE Advanced
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
JEE Advanced PYQs 18. What happens if mirror moves by x?
JEE Advanced
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
JEE Advanced PYQs 19. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
JEE Advanced
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
JEE Advanced PYQs 20. What is periscope principle?
JEE Advanced
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
IB Physics Questions
IB Physics Questions 1. State two properties of plane mirror image.
IB Physics Questions
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
IB Physics Questions 2. What is lateral inversion?
IB Physics Questions
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
IB Physics Questions 3. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
IB Physics Questions
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
IB Physics Questions 4. What is mirror rotation formula?
IB Physics Questions
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
IB Physics Questions 5. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
IB Physics Questions
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
IB Physics Questions 6. What is magnification of plane mirror?
IB Physics Questions
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
IB Physics Questions 7. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
IB Physics Questions
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
IB Physics Questions 8. What happens if mirror moves by x?
IB Physics Questions
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
IB Physics Questions 9. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
IB Physics Questions
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
IB Physics Questions 10. What is periscope principle?
IB Physics Questions
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
IB Physics Questions 11. State two properties of plane mirror image.
IB Physics Questions
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
IB Physics Questions 12. What is lateral inversion?
IB Physics Questions
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
IB Physics Questions 13. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
IB Physics Questions
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
IB Physics Questions 14. What is mirror rotation formula?
IB Physics Questions
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
IB Physics Questions 15. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
IB Physics Questions
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
IGCSE Questions
IGCSE Questions 1. State two properties of plane mirror image.
IGCSE Questions
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
IGCSE Questions 2. What is lateral inversion?
IGCSE Questions
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
IGCSE Questions 3. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
IGCSE Questions
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
IGCSE Questions 4. What is mirror rotation formula?
IGCSE Questions
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
IGCSE Questions 5. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
IGCSE Questions
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
IGCSE Questions 6. What is magnification of plane mirror?
IGCSE Questions
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
IGCSE Questions 7. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
IGCSE Questions
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
IGCSE Questions 8. What happens if mirror moves by x?
IGCSE Questions
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
IGCSE Questions 9. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
IGCSE Questions
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
IGCSE Questions 10. What is periscope principle?
IGCSE Questions
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
IGCSE Questions 11. State two properties of plane mirror image.
IGCSE Questions
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
IGCSE Questions 12. What is lateral inversion?
IGCSE Questions
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
IGCSE Questions 13. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
IGCSE Questions
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
IGCSE Questions 14. What is mirror rotation formula?
IGCSE Questions
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
IGCSE Questions 15. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
IGCSE Questions
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
A-Level Questions
A-Level Questions 1. State two properties of plane mirror image.
A-Level Questions
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
A-Level Questions 2. What is lateral inversion?
A-Level Questions
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
A-Level Questions 3. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
A-Level Questions
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
A-Level Questions 4. What is mirror rotation formula?
A-Level Questions
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
A-Level Questions 5. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
A-Level Questions
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
A-Level Questions 6. What is magnification of plane mirror?
A-Level Questions
m=+1.
Answer: m=+1.
A-Level Questions 7. Why kaleidoscope forms patterns?
A-Level Questions
Due to multiple reflection.
Answer: Due to multiple reflection.
A-Level Questions 8. What happens if mirror moves by x?
A-Level Questions
Image shifts by 2x.
Answer: Image shifts by 2x.
A-Level Questions 9. Why is image same distance behind mirror?
A-Level Questions
Due to symmetry of reflection.
Answer: Due to symmetry of reflection.
A-Level Questions 10. What is periscope principle?
A-Level Questions
Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
Answer: Two plane mirrors reflect light successively.
A-Level Questions 11. State two properties of plane mirror image.
A-Level Questions
It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
Answer: It is virtual and erect; also same size and laterally inverted.
A-Level Questions 12. What is lateral inversion?
A-Level Questions
Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
Answer: Apparent left-right reversal in plane mirror image.
A-Level Questions 13. Find number of images for mirrors at 60°.
A-Level Questions
N=360/60−1=5.
Answer: N=360/60−1=5.
A-Level Questions 14. What is mirror rotation formula?
A-Level Questions
Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Answer: Reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
A-Level Questions 15. Why image cannot be caught on screen?
A-Level Questions
It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Answer: It is virtual; rays do not actually meet.
Section 15: Difficult Conceptual Questions
High-Level Conceptual Question 1. Why is the image laterally inverted?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 2. Why does plane mirror form virtual image?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 3. Why image is same size?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 5. Why reflected ray rotates by twice mirror rotation?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 7. Why multiple images form in inclined mirrors?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 8. Why parallel mirrors form many images?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 9. Why ambulance writing is reversed?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 10. Why kaleidoscope makes patterns?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 11. Why is the image laterally inverted?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 12. Why does plane mirror form virtual image?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 13. Why image is same size?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 15. Why reflected ray rotates by twice mirror rotation?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 17. Why multiple images form in inclined mirrors?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 18. Why parallel mirrors form many images?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 19. Why ambulance writing is reversed?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 20. Why kaleidoscope makes patterns?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 21. Why is the image laterally inverted?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 22. Why does plane mirror form virtual image?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 23. Why image is same size?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 25. Why reflected ray rotates by twice mirror rotation?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 27. Why multiple images form in inclined mirrors?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 28. Why parallel mirrors form many images?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 29. Why ambulance writing is reversed?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 30. Why kaleidoscope makes patterns?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 31. Why is the image laterally inverted?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 32. Why does plane mirror form virtual image?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 33. Why image is same size?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 35. Why reflected ray rotates by twice mirror rotation?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 37. Why multiple images form in inclined mirrors?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 38. Why parallel mirrors form many images?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 39. Why ambulance writing is reversed?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 40. Why kaleidoscope makes patterns?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 41. Why is the image laterally inverted?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 42. Why does plane mirror form virtual image?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 43. Why image is same size?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 45. Why reflected ray rotates by twice mirror rotation?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 47. Why multiple images form in inclined mirrors?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 48. Why parallel mirrors form many images?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 49. Why ambulance writing is reversed?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 50. Why kaleidoscope makes patterns?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 51. Why is the image laterally inverted?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 52. Why does plane mirror form virtual image?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 53. Why image is same size?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 55. Why reflected ray rotates by twice mirror rotation?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 57. Why multiple images form in inclined mirrors?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 58. Why parallel mirrors form many images?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 59. Why ambulance writing is reversed?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 60. Why kaleidoscope makes patterns?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 61. Why is the image laterally inverted?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 62. Why does plane mirror form virtual image?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 63. Why image is same size?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 65. Why reflected ray rotates by twice mirror rotation?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 67. Why multiple images form in inclined mirrors?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 68. Why parallel mirrors form many images?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 69. Why ambulance writing is reversed?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 70. Why kaleidoscope makes patterns?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 71. Why is the image laterally inverted?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 72. Why does plane mirror form virtual image?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 73. Why image is same size?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
High-Level Conceptual Question 75. Why reflected ray rotates by twice mirror rotation?
Conceptual
Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Answer: Use plane mirror symmetry, laws of reflection and apparent intersection of reflected rays. Draw the object, mirror, image and normal before writing the explanation.
Section 16: Assertion Reason Questions
Assertion-Reason 1. Assertion: Plane mirror image is virtual. Reason: Reflected rays appear to meet behind mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 2. Assertion: Plane mirror magnification is +1. Reason: Image is erect and same size.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 3. Assertion: Mirror movement by x shifts image by 2x. Reason: Object and image are symmetric about mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 4. Assertion: Rotating mirror by θ rotates reflected ray by θ. Reason: Normal rotates with mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Assertion is false; reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Assertion is false; reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Assertion-Reason 5. Assertion: Kaleidoscope works by refraction. Reason: It uses multiple plane mirrors.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Assertion is false; kaleidoscope works by multiple reflection.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Assertion is false; kaleidoscope works by multiple reflection.
Assertion-Reason 6. Assertion: Plane mirror image is virtual. Reason: Reflected rays appear to meet behind mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 7. Assertion: Plane mirror magnification is +1. Reason: Image is erect and same size.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 8. Assertion: Mirror movement by x shifts image by 2x. Reason: Object and image are symmetric about mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 9. Assertion: Rotating mirror by θ rotates reflected ray by θ. Reason: Normal rotates with mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Assertion is false; reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Assertion is false; reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Assertion-Reason 10. Assertion: Kaleidoscope works by refraction. Reason: It uses multiple plane mirrors.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Assertion is false; kaleidoscope works by multiple reflection.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Assertion is false; kaleidoscope works by multiple reflection.
Assertion-Reason 11. Assertion: Plane mirror image is virtual. Reason: Reflected rays appear to meet behind mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 12. Assertion: Plane mirror magnification is +1. Reason: Image is erect and same size.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 13. Assertion: Mirror movement by x shifts image by 2x. Reason: Object and image are symmetric about mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 14. Assertion: Rotating mirror by θ rotates reflected ray by θ. Reason: Normal rotates with mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Assertion is false; reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Assertion is false; reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Assertion-Reason 15. Assertion: Kaleidoscope works by refraction. Reason: It uses multiple plane mirrors.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Assertion is false; kaleidoscope works by multiple reflection.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Assertion is false; kaleidoscope works by multiple reflection.
Assertion-Reason 16. Assertion: Plane mirror image is virtual. Reason: Reflected rays appear to meet behind mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 17. Assertion: Plane mirror magnification is +1. Reason: Image is erect and same size.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 18. Assertion: Mirror movement by x shifts image by 2x. Reason: Object and image are symmetric about mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 19. Assertion: Rotating mirror by θ rotates reflected ray by θ. Reason: Normal rotates with mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Assertion is false; reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Assertion is false; reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Assertion-Reason 20. Assertion: Kaleidoscope works by refraction. Reason: It uses multiple plane mirrors.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Assertion is false; kaleidoscope works by multiple reflection.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Assertion is false; kaleidoscope works by multiple reflection.
Assertion-Reason 21. Assertion: Plane mirror image is virtual. Reason: Reflected rays appear to meet behind mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 22. Assertion: Plane mirror magnification is +1. Reason: Image is erect and same size.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 23. Assertion: Mirror movement by x shifts image by 2x. Reason: Object and image are symmetric about mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Both are true and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
Assertion-Reason 24. Assertion: Rotating mirror by θ rotates reflected ray by θ. Reason: Normal rotates with mirror.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Assertion is false; reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Assertion is false; reflected ray rotates by 2θ.
Assertion-Reason 25. Assertion: Kaleidoscope works by refraction. Reason: It uses multiple plane mirrors.
Assertion-Reason
Answer: Assertion is false; kaleidoscope works by multiple reflection.
Solution: Test both statements and then the explanation relation.
Assertion is false; kaleidoscope works by multiple reflection.
Section 17: Case Study Questions
Case Study 1: Dressing mirror
Situation: Dressing mirror uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Dressing mirror.
Case 1.1. Explain point 1 for Dressing mirror.
Case Study
Dressing mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Dressing mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 1.2. Explain point 2 for Dressing mirror.
Case Study
Dressing mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Dressing mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 1.3. Explain point 3 for Dressing mirror.
Case Study
Dressing mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Dressing mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 1.4. Explain point 4 for Dressing mirror.
Case Study
Dressing mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Dressing mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 1.5. Explain point 5 for Dressing mirror.
Case Study
Dressing mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Dressing mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 2: Vehicle rear-view mirrors
Situation: Vehicle rear-view mirrors uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Vehicle rear-view mirrors.
Case 2.1. Explain point 1 for Vehicle rear-view mirrors.
Case Study
Vehicle rear-view mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Vehicle rear-view mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 2.2. Explain point 2 for Vehicle rear-view mirrors.
Case Study
Vehicle rear-view mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Vehicle rear-view mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 2.3. Explain point 3 for Vehicle rear-view mirrors.
Case Study
Vehicle rear-view mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Vehicle rear-view mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 2.4. Explain point 4 for Vehicle rear-view mirrors.
Case Study
Vehicle rear-view mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Vehicle rear-view mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 2.5. Explain point 5 for Vehicle rear-view mirrors.
Case Study
Vehicle rear-view mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Vehicle rear-view mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 3: Ambulance lettering
Situation: Ambulance lettering uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Ambulance lettering.
Case 3.1. Explain point 1 for Ambulance lettering.
Case Study
Ambulance lettering can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Ambulance lettering can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 3.2. Explain point 2 for Ambulance lettering.
Case Study
Ambulance lettering can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Ambulance lettering can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 3.3. Explain point 3 for Ambulance lettering.
Case Study
Ambulance lettering can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Ambulance lettering can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 3.4. Explain point 4 for Ambulance lettering.
Case Study
Ambulance lettering can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Ambulance lettering can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 3.5. Explain point 5 for Ambulance lettering.
Case Study
Ambulance lettering can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Ambulance lettering can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 4: Kaleidoscope
Situation: Kaleidoscope uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Kaleidoscope.
Case 4.1. Explain point 1 for Kaleidoscope.
Case Study
Kaleidoscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Kaleidoscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 4.2. Explain point 2 for Kaleidoscope.
Case Study
Kaleidoscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Kaleidoscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 4.3. Explain point 3 for Kaleidoscope.
Case Study
Kaleidoscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Kaleidoscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 4.4. Explain point 4 for Kaleidoscope.
Case Study
Kaleidoscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Kaleidoscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 4.5. Explain point 5 for Kaleidoscope.
Case Study
Kaleidoscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Kaleidoscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 5: Security mirrors
Situation: Security mirrors uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Security mirrors.
Case 5.1. Explain point 1 for Security mirrors.
Case Study
Security mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Security mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 5.2. Explain point 2 for Security mirrors.
Case Study
Security mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Security mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 5.3. Explain point 3 for Security mirrors.
Case Study
Security mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Security mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 5.4. Explain point 4 for Security mirrors.
Case Study
Security mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Security mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 5.5. Explain point 5 for Security mirrors.
Case Study
Security mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Security mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 6: Optical devices
Situation: Optical devices uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Optical devices.
Case 6.1. Explain point 1 for Optical devices.
Case Study
Optical devices can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Optical devices can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 6.2. Explain point 2 for Optical devices.
Case Study
Optical devices can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Optical devices can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 6.3. Explain point 3 for Optical devices.
Case Study
Optical devices can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Optical devices can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 6.4. Explain point 4 for Optical devices.
Case Study
Optical devices can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Optical devices can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 6.5. Explain point 5 for Optical devices.
Case Study
Optical devices can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Optical devices can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 7: Art galleries
Situation: Art galleries uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Art galleries.
Case 7.1. Explain point 1 for Art galleries.
Case Study
Art galleries can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Art galleries can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 7.2. Explain point 2 for Art galleries.
Case Study
Art galleries can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Art galleries can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 7.3. Explain point 3 for Art galleries.
Case Study
Art galleries can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Art galleries can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 7.4. Explain point 4 for Art galleries.
Case Study
Art galleries can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Art galleries can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 7.5. Explain point 5 for Art galleries.
Case Study
Art galleries can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Art galleries can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 8: Mirror maze
Situation: Mirror maze uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Mirror maze.
Case 8.1. Explain point 1 for Mirror maze.
Case Study
Mirror maze can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Mirror maze can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 8.2. Explain point 2 for Mirror maze.
Case Study
Mirror maze can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Mirror maze can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 8.3. Explain point 3 for Mirror maze.
Case Study
Mirror maze can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Mirror maze can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 8.4. Explain point 4 for Mirror maze.
Case Study
Mirror maze can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Mirror maze can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 8.5. Explain point 5 for Mirror maze.
Case Study
Mirror maze can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Mirror maze can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 9: Salon mirror
Situation: Salon mirror uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Salon mirror.
Case 9.1. Explain point 1 for Salon mirror.
Case Study
Salon mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Salon mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 9.2. Explain point 2 for Salon mirror.
Case Study
Salon mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Salon mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 9.3. Explain point 3 for Salon mirror.
Case Study
Salon mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Salon mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 9.4. Explain point 4 for Salon mirror.
Case Study
Salon mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Salon mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 9.5. Explain point 5 for Salon mirror.
Case Study
Salon mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Salon mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 10: Periscope
Situation: Periscope uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Periscope.
Case 10.1. Explain point 1 for Periscope.
Case Study
Periscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Periscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 10.2. Explain point 2 for Periscope.
Case Study
Periscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Periscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 10.3. Explain point 3 for Periscope.
Case Study
Periscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Periscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 10.4. Explain point 4 for Periscope.
Case Study
Periscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Periscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 10.5. Explain point 5 for Periscope.
Case Study
Periscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Periscope can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 11: Bathroom mirror
Situation: Bathroom mirror uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Bathroom mirror.
Case 11.1. Explain point 1 for Bathroom mirror.
Case Study
Bathroom mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Bathroom mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 11.2. Explain point 2 for Bathroom mirror.
Case Study
Bathroom mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Bathroom mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 11.3. Explain point 3 for Bathroom mirror.
Case Study
Bathroom mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Bathroom mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 11.4. Explain point 4 for Bathroom mirror.
Case Study
Bathroom mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Bathroom mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 11.5. Explain point 5 for Bathroom mirror.
Case Study
Bathroom mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Bathroom mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 12: Jewellery shop mirrors
Situation: Jewellery shop mirrors uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Jewellery shop mirrors.
Case 12.1. Explain point 1 for Jewellery shop mirrors.
Case Study
Jewellery shop mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Jewellery shop mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 12.2. Explain point 2 for Jewellery shop mirrors.
Case Study
Jewellery shop mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Jewellery shop mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 12.3. Explain point 3 for Jewellery shop mirrors.
Case Study
Jewellery shop mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Jewellery shop mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 12.4. Explain point 4 for Jewellery shop mirrors.
Case Study
Jewellery shop mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Jewellery shop mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 12.5. Explain point 5 for Jewellery shop mirrors.
Case Study
Jewellery shop mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Jewellery shop mirrors can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 13: Dance studio mirror
Situation: Dance studio mirror uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Dance studio mirror.
Case 13.1. Explain point 1 for Dance studio mirror.
Case Study
Dance studio mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Dance studio mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 13.2. Explain point 2 for Dance studio mirror.
Case Study
Dance studio mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Dance studio mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 13.3. Explain point 3 for Dance studio mirror.
Case Study
Dance studio mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Dance studio mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 13.4. Explain point 4 for Dance studio mirror.
Case Study
Dance studio mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Dance studio mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 13.5. Explain point 5 for Dance studio mirror.
Case Study
Dance studio mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Dance studio mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 14: Museum display mirror
Situation: Museum display mirror uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Museum display mirror.
Case 14.1. Explain point 1 for Museum display mirror.
Case Study
Museum display mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Museum display mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 14.2. Explain point 2 for Museum display mirror.
Case Study
Museum display mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Museum display mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 14.3. Explain point 3 for Museum display mirror.
Case Study
Museum display mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Museum display mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 14.4. Explain point 4 for Museum display mirror.
Case Study
Museum display mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Museum display mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 14.5. Explain point 5 for Museum display mirror.
Case Study
Museum display mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Museum display mirror can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case Study 15: Road safety reflector
Situation: Road safety reflector uses plane mirror image formation, lateral inversion, multiple reflection or mirror symmetry. The physics can be explained using reflected rays and apparent image position.
Representative plane mirror case diagram for Road safety reflector.
Case 15.1. Explain point 1 for Road safety reflector.
Case Study
Road safety reflector can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Road safety reflector can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 15.2. Explain point 2 for Road safety reflector.
Case Study
Road safety reflector can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Road safety reflector can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 15.3. Explain point 3 for Road safety reflector.
Case Study
Road safety reflector can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Road safety reflector can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 15.4. Explain point 4 for Road safety reflector.
Case Study
Road safety reflector can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Road safety reflector can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Case 15.5. Explain point 5 for Road safety reflector.
Case Study
Road safety reflector can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Answer: Road safety reflector can be explained by applying plane mirror properties: virtual image, same size, lateral inversion, u=v and reflection law i=r.
Section 18: JEE Advanced Challenge Problems
JEE Advanced Challenge 1. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 2. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 3. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 4. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 5. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 6. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 7. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 8. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 9. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 10. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 11. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 12. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 13. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 14. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 15. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 16. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 17. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 18. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 19. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
JEE Advanced Challenge 20. Difficult problem on multiple reflection, inclined mirrors or mirror motion.
JEE Advanced
Solution strategy: Represent each reflection by symmetry about the mirror. For inclined mirrors use angular repetition. For moving mirror problems use image shift = 2x and velocity symmetry.
Draw mirror system.
Locate image after each reflection.
Apply rotation or velocity formula as needed.
Check final direction and image count.
Solved by plane mirror symmetry and multiple reflection method.
Section 19: Quick Revision Notes
Most important formulas
i = r
u = v
Image shift = 2x
Reflected ray rotation = 2θ
N = 360/θ − 1
Common mistakes
Writing real image for plane mirror.
Forgetting lateral inversion.
Using θ instead of 2θ for mirror rotation.
Applying N formula without checking angle.
NEET/JEE tips
Draw mirror line and normal.
Use symmetry for image position.
For moving mirrors, use relative motion.
For two mirrors, first compute 360/θ.
Last-minute revision: Plane mirror image is virtual, erect, same size, laterally inverted and at same distance behind the mirror.
Section 20: Kumar Sir Guidance Section
If Plane Mirror, Multiple Reflection, Mirror Rotation, Kaleidoscope or any Ray Optics concept is not clear, students may contact Kumar Sir for one-to-one personalised Physics guidance.
