Before starting this paper, revise the important formulas from Class 11 and Class 12 Physics. NEET Physics often tests whether a student can select the correct formula, apply it correctly, and avoid calculation mistakes. Many students remember formulas but still lose marks because they do not know where and how to apply them. This formula bank helps you quickly revise the major concepts before attempting the paper.
Class 11 - Units and Dimensions
[Q] = MaLbTc: dimensional formula of any physical quantity.
Percentage error = (absolute error / measured value) x 100: used in numerical error analysis.
For products or powers, fractional errors add: useful in NEET dimensional and measurement questions.
Class 11 - Vectors
|A + B| = sqrt(A2 + B2 + 2AB cos theta): resultant of two vectors.
A . B = AB cos theta and |A x B| = AB sin theta: used in work, torque, magnetic force and flux.
Unit vector = vector / magnitude: important for force and field direction questions.
Class 11 - Kinematics
v = u + at, s = ut + 1/2 at2, v2 - u2 = 2as: core equations for uniformly accelerated motion.
Range = u2 sin 2theta / g, H = u2 sin2theta / 2g: used in projectile problems.
Relative velocity = velocity of object - velocity of observer: used in river, rain and collision applications.
Class 11 - Laws of Motion
F = ma, Impulse = F dt = Delta p: basis of dynamics and collision questions.
fs <= musN, fk = mukN: used in friction and connected body problems.
Tension differs when strings pass over accelerating systems: use free body diagrams carefully.
Class 11 - Work, Energy and Power
W = F s cos theta, K = 1/2 mv2, P = W/t = Fv: used in work-energy numericals.
Wnet = Delta K: shortcut for variable force and motion problems.
U = mgh, U = 1/2 kx2: gravitational and spring energy.
Class 11 - Circular Motion
ac = v2/r = omega2r, Fc = mv2/r: used in banking, loops and turns.
v = omega r, T = 2pi/omega: connects angular and linear motion.
tan theta = v2/rg: banking without friction.
Class 11 - Centre of Mass
Rcm = sum(miri) / sum mi: position of centre of mass.
M Vcm = total momentum: used when external force is zero.
Coefficient of restitution e = relative speed after / relative speed before: used in collision questions.
Class 11 - Rotational Motion
tau = I alpha, L = I omega, Krot = 1/2 I omega2: rotational analogues of linear motion.
I = Icm + Md2: parallel-axis theorem.
v = R omega: pure rolling condition, used in rolling energy problems.
Class 11 - Gravitation
F = GMm/r2, g = GM/R2: universal gravitation and surface gravity.
U = -GMm/r, vesc = sqrt(2GM/R): used in energy and satellite questions.
vorb = sqrt(GM/r), T2 proportional to r3: orbital motion.
Class 11 - Mechanical Properties of Solids
Stress = F/A, Strain = Delta L/L, Y = stress/strain: elasticity numericals.
Delta L = FL/AY: used for wires and rods under load.
Elastic energy density = 1/2 x stress x strain: conceptual energy applications.
Class 11 - Mechanical Properties of Fluids
P = P0 + rho gh, FB = rho Vg: pressure and buoyancy.
A v = constant, P + 1/2 rho v2 + rho gh = constant: continuity and Bernoulli.
vterminal = 2r2(rho - sigma)g / 9eta: used in viscosity questions.
Class 11 - Thermal Properties of Matter
Q = mc Delta T, Q = mL: calorimetry and phase change.
Delta L = alpha L Delta T, Delta A = 2alpha A Delta T, Delta V = 3alpha V Delta T: expansion.
H = kA Delta T/L, P = sigma e A T4, lambdamT = b: conduction and radiation.
Class 11 - Thermodynamics
Delta Q = Delta U + W: first law, used in every process problem.
Wisothermal = nRT ln(V2/V1), PVgamma = constant: gas processes.
Efficiency = 1 - T2/T1: Carnot engine.
Class 11 - Kinetic Theory
PV = nRT = NkT: ideal gas equation.
vrms = sqrt(3RT/M), K per molecule = 3/2 kT: molecular speed and energy.
Cp - Cv = R, gamma = Cp/Cv: used in thermodynamics links.
Class 11 - Oscillations
x = A sin(omega t + phi), a = -omega2x: SHM identification.
T = 2pi sqrt(m/k), T = 2pi sqrt(l/g): spring and simple pendulum.
E = 1/2 kA2: energy in SHM.
Class 11 - Waves
v = f lambda: basic wave relation.
v = sqrt(T/mu): transverse waves on a string.
f' = f(v +/- vo)/(v -/+ vs): Doppler effect, used in sound numericals.
Class 12 - Electrostatics
F = kq1q2/r2, E = F/q: force and field.
E due to point charge = kq/r2, V = kq/r: field-potential relation.
Phi = EA cos theta, Phi = qin/epsilon0: Gauss law applications.
Class 12 - Capacitance
C = Q/V, C = epsilon0A/d: capacitor basics.
U = 1/2 CV2 = Q2/2C: energy storage.
Cseries-1 = sum 1/C, Cparallel = sum C: combinations and charge sharing.
Class 12 - Current Electricity
I = nqAvd, V = IR: drift and Ohm law.
R = rho L/A, P = VI = I2R = V2/R: resistance and power.
Wheatstone balance: P/Q = R/S: bridge circuits.
Class 12 - Moving Charges and Magnetism
F = q(v x B), F = BIL sin theta: magnetic force.
r = mv/qB, T = 2pi m/qB: charged particle circular motion.
B = mu0I/2pi r, Bsolenoid = mu0nI: magnetic field formulas.
Class 12 - Magnetism and Matter
tau = MB sin theta, U = -MB cos theta: dipole in magnetic field.
B = mu0(H + M), chi = M/H: magnetic materials.
Dia, para and ferro behaviour: used in conceptual NEET applications.
Class 12 - Electromagnetic Induction
epsilon = -dPhi/dt: Faraday-Lenz law.
epsilon = Blv: rod or loop moving in magnetic field.
U = 1/2 LI2, epsilonL = -L dI/dt: inductors and transient questions.
Class 12 - Alternating Current
XL = omega L, XC = 1/omega C, Z = sqrt(R2 + (XL - XC)2): LCR circuits.
Irms = I0/sqrt2, Vrms = V0/sqrt2: AC values.
At resonance, omega = 1/sqrt(LC), Q = XL/R: resonance questions.
Class 12 - Electromagnetic Waves
c = 1/sqrt(mu0epsilon0), E/B = c: wave speed relation.
I = epsilon0Erms2c = epsilon0ErmsBrmsc2: intensity.
EM waves carry energy and momentum: conceptual applications.
Class 12 - Ray Optics
1/f = 1/v - 1/u, m = v/u: mirror and lens formula using sign convention.
n1 sin i = n2 sin r: Snell law.
mu = sin((A + deltam)/2)/sin(A/2): prism minimum deviation.
Class 12 - Wave Optics
beta = lambda D/d: YDSE fringe width.
Path difference = d sin theta, phase difference = 2pi Delta x/lambda: interference.
Single slit minima: a sin theta = n lambda: diffraction applications.
Class 12 - Dual Nature of Matter
hnu = phi + Kmax, eV0 = Kmax: photoelectric equation.
lambda = h/p = h/sqrt(2meV): de Broglie wavelength for electrons.
Stopping potential graph slope = h/e: graph-based questions.
Class 12 - Atoms
rn = n2r1, En = -13.6/n2 eV: Bohr model.
1/lambda = R(1/n12 - 1/n22): spectral series.
Ionisation energy of hydrogen = 13.6 eV: collision and excitation questions.
Class 12 - Nuclei
N = N0e-lambda t, T1/2 = 0.693/lambda: radioactive decay.
Activity A = lambda N: activity numericals.
Binding energy = Delta m c2: nuclear stability and energy release.
Class 12 - Semiconductor Electronics
I = Is(eV/eta VT - 1): diode behaviour conceptually.
Forward Si diode needs about 0.7 V: circuit current questions.
beta = Delta IC/Delta IB, logic gates use Boolean algebra: transistor and gate applications.