Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance NEET MCQs

Total Questions: 151 | Section A: 47 | Section B: 38 | Section C: 53 | Section D: 13

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Formula Revision

Electric Potential

Potential: V = W / q
Point charge: V = kQ / r, where k = 1 / 4πε₀
System of charges: V = k Σ(q_i / r_i)
Short dipole: V = kp cosθ / r²
Dipole axial line: V = kp / r²; equatorial line: V = 0

Field, Work and Energy

Potential difference: V_B - V_A = -∫_A^B E . dr
Electric field: E = -dV / dr and E = -∇V
Work by external agent: W = q(V_B - V_A)
Potential energy of two charges: U = kq₁q₂ / r
Dipole in uniform field: U = -pE cosθ, τ = pE sinθ

Conductors and Capacitance

Capacitance: C = Q / V
Isolated spherical conductor: C = 4πε₀R
Potential of conducting sphere: V = kQ / R
Parallel plate capacitor: C = ε₀A / d
With dielectric: C = Kε₀A / d

Capacitor Combinations

Series: 1 / C_eq = 1 / C₁ + 1 / C₂ + ...; charge is same
Parallel: C_eq = C₁ + C₂ + ...; voltage is same
Energy stored: U = 1/2 CV² = Q² / 2C = 1/2 QV
Energy density: u = 1/2 εE²
Battery work while charging: W = QV = CV²

Section A - Easy Questions

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Section D - Assertion - Reason Type Questions

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