CLASS 11 PHYSICS • MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE

Equations of Motion and Free Fall

Master kinematics equations, graphical derivations and gravity-based motion with NEET, JEE and CBSE level numericals.

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1. First Equation of Motion

Acceleration a = (v-u)/t. Multiplying by t gives at = v-u, hence v = u + at.

v = u + at

Meaning

Use signed displacement and signed acceleration.

Graph Link

Slope of v-t graph gives acceleration; area gives displacement.

Exam Focus

Write u, v, a, s and t before substitution.

2. Second Equation of Motion

Displacement is area under velocity-time graph. Area = rectangle ut + triangle ½t(v-u). Since v-u=at, s=ut+½at2.

s = ut + ½at2

Meaning

Use signed displacement and signed acceleration.

Graph Link

Slope of v-t graph gives acceleration; area gives displacement.

Exam Focus

Write u, v, a, s and t before substitution.

3. Third Equation of Motion

Average velocity = (u+v)/2 and time = (v-u)/a. Therefore s=[(u+v)/2][(v-u)/a]=(v²-u²)/2a.

v2 = u2 + 2as

Meaning

Use signed displacement and signed acceleration.

Graph Link

Slope of v-t graph gives acceleration; area gives displacement.

Exam Focus

Write u, v, a, s and t before substitution.

4. Graphical Derivations

A straight velocity-time graph under uniform acceleration gives all three equations from slope and area.

Area under v-t graph = displacement

Meaning

Use signed displacement and signed acceleration.

Graph Link

Slope of v-t graph gives acceleration; area gives displacement.

Exam Focus

Write u, v, a, s and t before substitution.

5. Free Fall

Free fall means motion under gravity alone. Air resistance is neglected.

g = 9.8 m s-2 ≈ 10 m s-2

Meaning

Use signed displacement and signed acceleration.

Graph Link

Slope of v-t graph gives acceleration; area gives displacement.

Exam Focus

Write u, v, a, s and t before substitution.

6. Motion Under Gravity and Sign Convention

Take origin as reference. If upward positive is chosen, all positions above origin are positive and all positions below origin are negative. Origin ke upar position positive, origin ke neeche position negative. Since gravity is downward, a=-g.

Upward positive: a = -g

Meaning

Use signed displacement and signed acceleration.

Graph Link

Slope of v-t graph gives acceleration; area gives displacement.

Exam Focus

Write u, v, a, s and t before substitution.

7. Upward Motion

At maximum height, v=0. Time of ascent = u/g. Kinetic energy converts into gravitational potential energy.

v = u - gt, s = ut - ½gt2, v2 = u2 - 2gs

Meaning

Use signed displacement and signed acceleration.

Graph Link

Slope of v-t graph gives acceleration; area gives displacement.

Exam Focus

Write u, v, a, s and t before substitution.

8. Downward Motion

With upward positive, downward velocity and displacement are negative.

Dropped body: u=0, v=-gt, s=-½gt2

Meaning

Use signed displacement and signed acceleration.

Graph Link

Slope of v-t graph gives acceleration; area gives displacement.

Exam Focus

Write u, v, a, s and t before substitution.

Graphical Derivation Diagram and Galileo Principle

ut½at²Velocity-time graph
Galileo odd-distance principle: A freely falling body starting from rest covers distances in successive equal seconds in the ratio 1:3:5:7... If it falls x in the first second, it falls 3x in the second second and 5x in the third second. Derivation: total distance from rest is s = ½gt2. Distance in nth second is ½g[n2-(n-1)2] = ½g(2n-1), so the pattern is 1, 3, 5, 7...

9. Most Important Free Fall Numericals

Maximum Height

Question: A ball is thrown upward with 30 m s-1. Find maximum height. g=10.

Given: u=30, v=0, a=-10

Formula: v2=u2+2as

Calculation: 0=900-20s, so s=45 m

Final Answer: 45 m

At highest point v=0.

Time of Flight

Question: A ball is thrown vertically upward with 20 m s-1. Find total time. g=10.

Given: u=20, g=10

Formula: T=2u/g

Calculation: T=40/10=4 s

Final Answer: 4 s

Only for same-level return.

Dropped Body

Question: A stone is dropped from 80 m. Find time. g=10.

Given: s=-80, u=0, a=-10

Formula: s=ut+½at2

Calculation: -80=-5t², t=4 s

Final Answer: 4 s

Below origin means negative displacement.

Thrown Up from Building

Question: A ball is thrown upward from a 60 m building with 20 m s-1. Find time to ground. g=10.

Given: s=-60, u=20, a=-10

Formula: s=ut+½at²

Calculation: -60=20t-5t², t=6 s

Final Answer: 6 s

Reject negative time root.

Two-body Meeting

Question: One body is dropped from 80 m, another thrown upward from ground at 30 m s-1. Find meeting time.

Given: separation=80, relative speed=30

Formula: t=separation/relative speed

Calculation: t=80/30=2.67 s

Final Answer: 2.67 s

Same gravitational acceleration cancels.

Galileo Ratio

Question: A body falls x in first second. Find distance in second and third seconds.

Given: successive ratio 1:3:5

Formula: second=3x, third=5x

Calculation: From 2n-1 rule

Final Answer: 3x and 5x

This is very common conceptual trick.

Elevator Free Fall

Question: Find apparent weight in freely falling elevator.

Given: a=g downward

Formula: N=m(g-a)

Calculation: N=m(g-g)=0

Final Answer: 0

Free fall produces weightlessness.

Velocity on Return

Question: A ball thrown upward with speed u returns to same level. Find return velocity.

Given: same level, no air resistance

Formula: v=-u

Calculation: same magnitude, opposite direction

Final Answer: -u

Velocity sign changes.

10. NEET Question Bank: 50 MCQs

Authentic year is mentioned only when certain; otherwise marked exam-style. Click to reveal answer.

NEET Exam-style Question 1: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

NEET Exam-style Question 2: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

NEET Exam-style Question 3: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

NEET Exam-style Question 4: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

NEET Exam-style Question 5: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

NEET Exam-style Question 6: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

NEET Exam-style Question 7: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

NEET Exam-style Question 8: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

NEET Exam-style Question 9: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

NEET Exam-style Question 10: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

NEET Exam-style Question 11: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

NEET Exam-style Question 12: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

NEET Exam-style Question 13: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

NEET Exam-style Question 14: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

NEET Exam-style Question 15: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

NEET Exam-style Question 16: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

NEET Exam-style Question 17: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

NEET Exam-style Question 18: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

NEET Exam-style Question 19: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

NEET Exam-style Question 20: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

NEET Exam-style Question 21: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

NEET Exam-style Question 22: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

NEET Exam-style Question 23: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

NEET Exam-style Question 24: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

NEET Exam-style Question 25: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

NEET Exam-style Question 26: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

NEET Exam-style Question 27: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

NEET Exam-style Question 28: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

NEET Exam-style Question 29: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

NEET Exam-style Question 30: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

NEET Exam-style Question 31: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

NEET Exam-style Question 32: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

NEET Exam-style Question 33: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

NEET Exam-style Question 34: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

NEET Exam-style Question 35: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

NEET Exam-style Question 36: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

NEET Exam-style Question 37: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

NEET Exam-style Question 38: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

NEET Exam-style Question 39: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

NEET Exam-style Question 40: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

NEET Exam-style Question 41: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

NEET Exam-style Question 42: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

NEET Exam-style Question 43: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

NEET Exam-style Question 44: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

NEET Exam-style Question 45: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

NEET Exam-style Question 46: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

NEET Exam-style Question 47: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

NEET Exam-style Question 48: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

NEET Exam-style Question 49: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

NEET Exam-style Question 50: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

11. JEE Main Question Bank: 50 Questions

Authentic year is mentioned only when certain; otherwise marked exam-style. Click to reveal answer.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 1: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 2: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 3: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 4: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 5: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 6: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 7: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 8: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 9: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 10: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 11: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 12: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 13: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 14: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 15: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 16: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 17: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 18: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 19: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 20: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 21: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 22: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 23: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 24: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 25: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 26: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 27: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 28: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 29: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 30: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 31: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 32: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 33: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 34: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 35: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 36: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 37: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 38: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 39: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 40: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 41: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 42: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 43: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 44: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 45: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 46: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 47: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 48: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 49: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

JEE Main Exam-style Question 50: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

12. JEE Advanced Question Bank: 50 Questions

Authentic year is mentioned only when certain; otherwise marked exam-style. Click to reveal answer.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 1: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 2: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 3: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 4: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 5: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 6: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 7: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 8: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 9: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 10: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 11: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 12: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 13: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 14: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 15: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 16: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 17: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 18: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 19: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 20: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 21: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 22: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 23: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 24: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 25: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 26: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 27: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 28: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 29: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 30: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 31: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 32: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 33: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 34: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 35: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 36: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 37: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 38: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 39: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 40: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 41: First equation of motion is?
(a) v=u+at(b) s=ut(c) v²=u²(d) s=vt

Answer: v = u + at

Solution: From acceleration definition a=(v-u)/t.

Exam Tip: Use when time is given.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 42: Second equation is?
(a) s=ut+½at²(b) v=u+at(c) v²=u²+2as(d) a=v/t

Answer: s = ut + ½at2

Solution: Area under v-t graph.

Exam Tip: Area method is easiest.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 43: Third equation is?
(a) v²=u²+2as(b) v=u+at(c) s=ut(d) g=9.8

Answer: v2 = u2 + 2as

Solution: Eliminate time from first two equations.

Exam Tip: Use when time is not given.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 44: If upward is positive, gravity is?
(a) -g(b) +g(c) 0(d) +2g

Answer: -g

Solution: Gravity acts downward.

Exam Tip: Always draw axis.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 45: At maximum height velocity is?
(a) 0(b) g(c) u(d) -g

Answer: 0

Solution: Object momentarily stops before coming down.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is still -g.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 46: Successive distances in free fall are?
(a) 1:3:5:7(b) 1:2:3:4(c) 1:4:9:16(d) 2:4:6:8

Answer: 1:3:5:7

Solution: Galileo odd-distance principle.

Exam Tip: For body starting from rest.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 47: Dropped body has initial velocity?
(a) 0(b) g(c) -g(d) u

Answer: 0

Solution: Dropped means released from rest.

Exam Tip: Thrown downward is different.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 48: Area under v-t graph gives?
(a) displacement(b) acceleration(c) mass(d) force

Answer: displacement

Solution: Velocity × time gives displacement.

Exam Tip: Signed area matters.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 49: Slope of v-t graph gives?
(a) acceleration(b) distance(c) height(d) time

Answer: acceleration

Solution: Change in velocity per time.

Exam Tip: Slope may be negative.

JEE Advanced Exam-style Question 50: For same-level return, total time is?
(a) 2u/g(b) u/g(c) u/2g(d) g/u

Answer: 2u/g

Solution: Time up and down are equal.

Exam Tip: Only same level.

13. IB Physics Questions: 50

IB Physics Question 1: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IB Physics Question 2: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IB Physics Question 3: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IB Physics Question 4: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IB Physics Question 5: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IB Physics Question 6: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IB Physics Question 7: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IB Physics Question 8: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IB Physics Question 9: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IB Physics Question 10: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IB Physics Question 11: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IB Physics Question 12: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IB Physics Question 13: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IB Physics Question 14: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IB Physics Question 15: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IB Physics Question 16: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IB Physics Question 17: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IB Physics Question 18: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IB Physics Question 19: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IB Physics Question 20: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IB Physics Question 21: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IB Physics Question 22: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IB Physics Question 23: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IB Physics Question 24: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IB Physics Question 25: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IB Physics Question 26: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IB Physics Question 27: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IB Physics Question 28: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IB Physics Question 29: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IB Physics Question 30: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IB Physics Question 31: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IB Physics Question 32: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IB Physics Question 33: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IB Physics Question 34: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IB Physics Question 35: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IB Physics Question 36: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IB Physics Question 37: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IB Physics Question 38: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IB Physics Question 39: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IB Physics Question 40: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IB Physics Question 41: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IB Physics Question 42: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IB Physics Question 43: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IB Physics Question 44: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IB Physics Question 45: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IB Physics Question 46: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IB Physics Question 47: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IB Physics Question 48: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IB Physics Question 49: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IB Physics Question 50: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

14. IGCSE Questions: 50

IGCSE Question 1: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IGCSE Question 2: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IGCSE Question 3: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IGCSE Question 4: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IGCSE Question 5: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IGCSE Question 6: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IGCSE Question 7: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IGCSE Question 8: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IGCSE Question 9: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IGCSE Question 10: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IGCSE Question 11: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IGCSE Question 12: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IGCSE Question 13: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IGCSE Question 14: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IGCSE Question 15: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IGCSE Question 16: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IGCSE Question 17: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IGCSE Question 18: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IGCSE Question 19: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IGCSE Question 20: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IGCSE Question 21: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IGCSE Question 22: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IGCSE Question 23: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IGCSE Question 24: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IGCSE Question 25: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IGCSE Question 26: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IGCSE Question 27: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IGCSE Question 28: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IGCSE Question 29: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IGCSE Question 30: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IGCSE Question 31: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IGCSE Question 32: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IGCSE Question 33: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IGCSE Question 34: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IGCSE Question 35: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IGCSE Question 36: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IGCSE Question 37: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IGCSE Question 38: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IGCSE Question 39: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IGCSE Question 40: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IGCSE Question 41: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IGCSE Question 42: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IGCSE Question 43: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IGCSE Question 44: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IGCSE Question 45: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

IGCSE Question 46: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

IGCSE Question 47: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

IGCSE Question 48: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

IGCSE Question 49: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

IGCSE Question 50: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

15. A-Level Questions: 30

A-Level Question 1: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

A-Level Question 2: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

A-Level Question 3: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

A-Level Question 4: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

A-Level Question 5: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

A-Level Question 6: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

A-Level Question 7: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

A-Level Question 8: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

A-Level Question 9: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

A-Level Question 10: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

A-Level Question 11: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

A-Level Question 12: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

A-Level Question 13: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

A-Level Question 14: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

A-Level Question 15: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

A-Level Question 16: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

A-Level Question 17: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

A-Level Question 18: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

A-Level Question 19: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

A-Level Question 20: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

A-Level Question 21: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

A-Level Question 22: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

A-Level Question 23: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

A-Level Question 24: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

A-Level Question 25: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

A-Level Question 26: State v=u+at meaning.

Answer: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration multiplied by time.

Solution: It is first equation of uniform acceleration.

Exam Tip: Know symbols.

A-Level Question 27: What is free fall?

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

Solution: Air resistance neglected.

Exam Tip: Gravity acts downward.

A-Level Question 28: Why is a=-g for upward positive?

Answer: Because gravity is downward.

Solution: Sign is based on direction.

Exam Tip: Draw vertical axis.

A-Level Question 29: What is Galileo ratio?

Answer: 1:3:5:7 for successive seconds from rest.

Solution: Distance in nth second is proportional to 2n-1.

Exam Tip: Remember x, 3x, 5x.

A-Level Question 30: What is v at maximum height?

Answer: Zero.

Solution: The object stops momentarily.

Exam Tip: Acceleration is not zero.

16. CBSE Theory Questions

1 Mark

Question: State first equation of motion.

Answer: v = u + at.

2 Mark

Question: Define free fall.

Answer: Motion under gravity alone.

3 Mark

Question: Derive second equation graphically.

Answer: Area under v-t graph = ut + ½at2.

5 Mark

Question: Explain upward motion equations.

Answer: With upward positive, a=-g, so v=u-gt, s=ut-½gt2, v2=u2-2gs.

17. Assertion Reason

Assertion Reason 1: Assertion: For upward positive, gravity is negative. Reason: Gravity acts downward.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Both true and reason explains assertion.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 2: Assertion: At highest point acceleration is zero. Reason: Velocity is zero at top.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 3: Assertion: Successive free-fall distances from rest are 1:3:5. Reason: s is proportional to t².

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct Galileo principle.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 4: Assertion: Third equation has no time. Reason: It is obtained by eliminating time.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 5: Assertion: Below origin is positive in upward-positive convention. Reason: Below origin is opposite to upward direction.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 6: Assertion: For upward positive, gravity is negative. Reason: Gravity acts downward.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Both true and reason explains assertion.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 7: Assertion: At highest point acceleration is zero. Reason: Velocity is zero at top.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 8: Assertion: Successive free-fall distances from rest are 1:3:5. Reason: s is proportional to t².

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct Galileo principle.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 9: Assertion: Third equation has no time. Reason: It is obtained by eliminating time.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 10: Assertion: Below origin is positive in upward-positive convention. Reason: Below origin is opposite to upward direction.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 11: Assertion: For upward positive, gravity is negative. Reason: Gravity acts downward.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Both true and reason explains assertion.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 12: Assertion: At highest point acceleration is zero. Reason: Velocity is zero at top.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 13: Assertion: Successive free-fall distances from rest are 1:3:5. Reason: s is proportional to t².

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct Galileo principle.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 14: Assertion: Third equation has no time. Reason: It is obtained by eliminating time.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 15: Assertion: Below origin is positive in upward-positive convention. Reason: Below origin is opposite to upward direction.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 16: Assertion: For upward positive, gravity is negative. Reason: Gravity acts downward.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Both true and reason explains assertion.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 17: Assertion: At highest point acceleration is zero. Reason: Velocity is zero at top.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 18: Assertion: Successive free-fall distances from rest are 1:3:5. Reason: s is proportional to t².

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct Galileo principle.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 19: Assertion: Third equation has no time. Reason: It is obtained by eliminating time.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 20: Assertion: Below origin is positive in upward-positive convention. Reason: Below origin is opposite to upward direction.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 21: Assertion: For upward positive, gravity is negative. Reason: Gravity acts downward.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Both true and reason explains assertion.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 22: Assertion: At highest point acceleration is zero. Reason: Velocity is zero at top.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 23: Assertion: Successive free-fall distances from rest are 1:3:5. Reason: s is proportional to t².

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct Galileo principle.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 24: Assertion: Third equation has no time. Reason: It is obtained by eliminating time.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 25: Assertion: Below origin is positive in upward-positive convention. Reason: Below origin is opposite to upward direction.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 26: Assertion: For upward positive, gravity is negative. Reason: Gravity acts downward.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Both true and reason explains assertion.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 27: Assertion: At highest point acceleration is zero. Reason: Velocity is zero at top.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 28: Assertion: Successive free-fall distances from rest are 1:3:5. Reason: s is proportional to t².

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct Galileo principle.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 29: Assertion: Third equation has no time. Reason: It is obtained by eliminating time.

Answer: (a)

Solution: Correct.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

Assertion Reason 30: Assertion: Below origin is positive in upward-positive convention. Reason: Below origin is opposite to upward direction.

Answer: (d)

Solution: Assertion false, reason true.

Exam Tip: Use the standard AR options.

18. Case Study Questions

Case Study 1: Ball thrown upward: A ball is thrown upward with u=20 m s-1. Questions: time to top, height, acceleration at top, velocity on return.

Answer: time=2 s, height=20 m, acceleration=-g, return velocity=-20 m s-1.

Solution: Apply sign convention and equations of motion.

Exam Tip: Read the passage, draw axis, then solve.

Case Study 2: Falling object: A stone is dropped from 45 m. Questions: u, s, time, impact velocity.

Answer: u=0, s=-45 m, t=3 s, v=-30 m s-1.

Solution: Apply sign convention and equations of motion.

Exam Tip: Read the passage, draw axis, then solve.

Case Study 3: Building problem: A ball is thrown upward from a building. Questions: sign of ground displacement, equation, acceleration sign, root meaning.

Answer: Ground displacement is negative; use s=ut-½gt²; acceleration=-g; negative time root is rejected.

Solution: Apply sign convention and equations of motion.

Exam Tip: Read the passage, draw axis, then solve.

Case Study 4: Gravity experiment: A body falls from rest and successive distances are measured. Questions: expected ratio, principle, why odd, first three distances.

Answer: 1:3:5; Galileo principle; difference of squares; x,3x,5x.

Solution: Apply sign convention and equations of motion.

Exam Tip: Read the passage, draw axis, then solve.

Case Study 5: Velocity-time graph: A straight v-t graph slopes downward and crosses time axis. Questions: acceleration sign, crossing meaning, area meaning, upward motion region.

Answer: Acceleration negative; velocity zero at crossing; area gives displacement; above time axis velocity positive.

Solution: Apply sign convention and equations of motion.

Exam Tip: Read the passage, draw axis, then solve.

Case Study 6: Elevator motion: A person is in a freely falling elevator. Questions: acceleration, apparent weight, reason, free-fall relation.

Answer: g downward; apparent weight zero; normal reaction vanishes; all bodies fall together.

Solution: Apply sign convention and equations of motion.

Exam Tip: Read the passage, draw axis, then solve.

19. Interactive Question Mode

NEET, JEE Main, JEE Advanced, Assertion Reason and Case Study questions above use pure HTML/CSS collapsible cards. Initially only the question is visible; click Show Answer to expand the solution.

20. Quick Revision Notes

Formula Sheet

  • v = u + at
  • s = ut + ½at2
  • v2 = u2 + 2as

Gravity Formula Sheet

  • Upward positive: a=-g
  • v=u-gt
  • s=ut-½gt2
  • v2=u2-2gs

Last-Minute Tricks

  • At highest point v=0.
  • Below origin is negative.
  • Galileo: x, 3x, 5x.
  • Same-level return speed is same magnitude.
Before solving any gravity question: choose origin, mark upward as positive, write below-origin positions negative, and put a=-g.

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